What is MongoDB?
MongoDB is a NoSQL document database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. This schema-less approach makes it ideal for applications with evolving data requirements.
Document-Based Storage
MongoDB stores data as documents (similar to JSON objects) rather than rows and columns. This allows you to store complex, nested data structures without complex joins or normalization.
Flexible Schema
Unlike relational databases, MongoDB doesn't require a fixed schema. You can add new fields to documents without modifying existing documents, making it easy to adapt to changing requirements.
Horizontal Scalability
MongoDB supports sharding, which allows you to distribute data across multiple servers. This horizontal scaling capability makes it suitable for applications that need to handle large amounts of data and traffic.
Rich Query Language
MongoDB provides a powerful query language that supports complex queries, aggregations, and text search. You can query nested documents, arrays, and perform operations like filtering, sorting, and grouping.
Indexing
MongoDB supports various types of indexes including single field, compound, text, and geospatial indexes. Proper indexing ensures fast query performance even with large datasets.
Replication
MongoDB's replica sets provide high availability and data redundancy. If one server fails, another can take over automatically, ensuring your application remains available.